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COC
BIOLOGY

Answers to the Practice Questions for Midterm 1:

1. Draw the electron configurations for Nitrogen (N₇, atomic#=7) and Neon (Ne₁₀, atomic#=10)

2. Calcium (Ca₂₀) and chlorine (Cl₁₇) can combine to form calcium chloride.  Based on the # of electrons in the outer shells of these two atoms, what would you expect the molecular formula for this compound to be?

CaCl₂ OR 1 calcium & 2 chlorine atoms
(Calcium has 2 electrons in its outer shell so it will want to give those up to be "happy".  Chlorine has 7, so it will want to gain 1 electron.  Since calcium has 2 to give, it will give one each to two chlorine atoms.)

3. Indicate whether olive oil is hydrophilic or hydrophobic, and whether it contains ionic or covalent bonds.

It is hydrophobic and it contains covalent bonds.

4. Why do climates tend to be more moderate near large bodies of water compared to desert regions?

Water can store a lot of energy so it absorbs a lot of heat from the sun.  When water evaporates, it absorbs a lot of the heat from the surrounding environment, thus keeping the land cooler.  Because a large body of water stores a lot of heat energy, it releases heat slowly over a long period, thus keeping the temperature warm at night and in the winter.

5. Show the flow of genetic information in a cell:

DNA ® RNA ® Protein

6. Match the molecule with its class of macromolecule.

_A___ glycogen                

_C___ enzyme                 

_A___ cellulose               

_D___ RNA                      

_B___ cholesterol

A. carbohydrate
B. lipid
C. protein
D. nucleic acid

7. Which of the following would be a hydrophobic molecule?
a. cholesterol
b. nucleotide
c. amino acid
d. chitin
e. glucose

8. The carbohydrate energy storage molecule of an animal is _glycogen___.

9. How does the nucleus control protein synthesis in the cytosol?

The DNA in the nucleus contains the information to make proteins (coded in genes).  This information is copied onto the mRNA which passes through the nuclear pores and binds with ribosomes in the cytosol where proteins are made.

10. List two functions of microtubules.

a) They are the rails on which vesicles (i.e. Golgi or lysosome vesicles) move through the cell.
b) They make up the cilia in some cells which beat rapidly to form currents that move material around it.
c) They make up the flagella which help the cell move.

11. Label the indicated structures on the animal cell that is shown below.

©2003-2004 Dilek Sanver-Wang, MS
Los Angeles, CA USA.  All Rights Reserved.