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Study Guide / Practice Questions for Midterm 4: Note: You should be familiar with the following concepts at the level of detail we covered it in lecture. Chapter 19: The History of Life on Earth What is thought to be the first genetic molecule formed and replicated during the evolution of life on Earth? What is the reason behind this thinking? What are the three domains and four kingdoms to which all organisms belong? What are the evolutionary challenges that the first land plants had to face? How is living on land different from living in water? What structural and reproductive modifications are necessary for an organism to survive on land? Explain the endosymbiotic theory. How does this theory help explain the evolution of eukaryotic organisms? What are the lines of evidence in support of this theory? - this information should be in your notes.
Chapter 20: The Diversity of Life List the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. What are the 4 modes of nutrition that organisms use? What is the a) source of energy and b) the source of carbon for each nutritional mode? List the main characteristics of the Domain Bacteria. What are the 3 shapes that bacteria can occur as? List the main characteristics of the Domain Archaea. List the main characteristics of the Kingdom Protista. What are some examples of protists that you know of, and what are the characteristics of these organisms? Why is the Kingdom Protista not a good grouping from an evolutionary standpoint? List the main characteristics of the Kingdom Fungi. What kind of symbiotic associations are seen in lichens and mycorrhizae? List the main characteristics of the Kingdom Plantae. What are the four main plant groups and what are the characteristics of each of these groups?
Chapter 21: The Animal Kingdom List the main characteristics of the Kingdom Animalia. What are the main animal phyla that we discussed in class? What are the main characteristics of each phylum? What are the different types of a) body symmetry, b) digestive system, and c) body skeleton that various animal groups exhibit? List the animal Classes within the Phylum Chordata that we have studied. What are the distinguishing characteristics of each Class?
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©2003-2004 Dilek Sanver-Wang, MS
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